Good manufacturing practices (GMPs) are the guiding principles, which ensure that products are consistently produced and controlled as per quality standards. This is an important requirement for marketing authorization. At the global and national level, different regulatory authorities work to formulate guidelines and regulations for the manufacturing of product and also work to achieve harmonization of guidelines and quality control of pharmaceutical products. This article provides specific information on contemporary manufacturing guidelines for Ayurvedic formulations especially given by World Health Organization (WHO) and Drug & Cosmetic rules 1945 (Schedule T) and their suitable strategies for practice. Knowledge of such guidelines and practice is helpful to maintain quality, safety, and efficiency to extraordinary heights in the manufacturing of products.

Plants have always been the backbone of the entire ecosystem of life. Humans depend upon plants not only for fulfilling their basic needs but also for spiritual activities. Their significance has been attributed to their social importance. However, with modernization, these very traditional cultures and practices are increasingly at risk of extinction. Their associations with faith and religious practices have always been a boon for the conservation of plants and the entire ecosystem depends on it. India is a nation of rich cultural heritage, since ages, it has always emphasized the significance of plants in sacred texts and scriptures. Our ancestors linked divinity with several plants for their conservation and categorized them as sacred plants because of their miraculous medicinal properties. This situation reflects that though the knowledge of the medicinal value of the plants has vanished, it is still practiced in their religious culture. The study attempts to analyze both the religious and medicinal aspects of 21 plants on the basis of their analogous use across the subcontinent with respect to religions and shared beliefs which got incorporated in our culture because of their diverse benefits, making a divine way for the protection of nature and culture. This study shall stress the importance of ethnobotany and help in the constitution of realistic conservation strategies aiding sustainable development. The enlisted medicinal plants reveal ancient practices that have been scientifically accurate in terms of health and holistic lifestyle, promoting the sustainable use of plants for the betterment of the environment.

Infectious diseases are responsible for largest burden of premature deaths globally and frequent pandemics which threaten the existence of entire population. The current rise of drug resistance and the side-effects associated with antibiotics and synthetic drugs have posed a new challenge to the modern healthcare system. Ayurveda is one of the most ancient and traditional medical systems where poly-herbal compounds and crude plant extracts are tested and applied in many types of microbial and infectious diseases, e.g., Triphala churna, Neem extracts, etc. This study focuses on the scope and applicability of Ayurveda for management of infectious diseases. The reviews have followed the PRISMA model and guidelines and Ayurevdic classical literature along with electronic databases like PubMed, Web of Science, Google, Google scholar, Researchgate, and SciFinder were searched for this study. India is a rich source of biodiversity and lots of plants and plant products are still unexplored. Review suggests that Ayurveda can develop not only therapeutic compounds but also prophylactic compounds which can be helpful for preventing the microbial diseases, especially the viral ones. From ancient times, home remedies like honey, turmeric has been used as preferred and safer option for treatment of many diseases. Herbs like Tulsi, Neem and their extracts have medicinal value. Both single and poly-herbal compounds have various ranges of bioactive molecules. Fine powders or Churna like Triphala Churna, Ajmodadi Churna, and Dasamoola Churna have been found to act against a wide range of pathogenic bacteria. The scope of Ayurveda can involve research on medicinal plants available in the country and can be proved a safer, cheaper, and sustained alternative to the antibiotics and synthetic drugs.

Right diet is the essence of disease prevention and the foundation of a healthy and happy life. A properly selected diet and diet plan plays a critical importance in the management of any disease. The usage of Yava or barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) both as Pathya (wholesome) and Aushadha (medicine) is established in ancient texts and modern research experiments. Yava is in practice since time immemorial due to its rich nutritional entities and various therapeutics benefits. The present review details Rasapanchaka (five attributes of dravya beginning with rasa), Rogaghnata (therapeutic indication) and utility of Yava as a Pathya depicted in Samhita, Sangrahagranth, Nighantu, and Rasagrantha. Yava is advocated as Pathya in 117 different disease conditions, nine swastha condition, and during the treatment course of six other medications. A total of 108 Ahara Kalpana (food dietetics preparations) of Yava has been found, among them 95 Ahara Kalpana having internal uses, 12 Ahara Kalpana having external uses and one Ahara Kalpana having both internal and external uses. It is found to be used in Swastha and 48 different disease conditions among them maximum formulations have been found in Prameha, Trushna, Jwara, Kasa, etc. Yava is contraindicated in persons suffering from Amlapita (dyspesia), Grahani (malabsorption syndrome), and during the administration of Gandhaka rasayana. Yava is highly useful grain which should be consumed to promote health of individual and prevent disease conditions.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Abrus precatorius L. (Gunja) is popular in Ayurveda system of medicine for its seeds, which are toxic because of the presence of Abrine–an alkaloid. It is used for the management of skin disease (Kustha), itching (kandu), cough (kasa), wound (vrana), and alopecia (indralupta). The shodhana process in Ayurveda is used for the purification and detoxification of toxic plant materials. This study aimed to observe the effect of the shodhana (purification) on phytochemicals and the Abrine content of A. precatorius L. (Gunja) seeds. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The ethanolic and chloroform extracts of A. precatorius L. (Gunja) seeds are used to determine the R_f value through high-performance thin-layer liquid chromatography (HPTLC) technique. Chemical profiling of seeds was carried out using sophisticated modern chromatographic different such as HPTLC, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (LC-MS). RESULTS: The R_f value 0.45 corresponds to Abrine and confirms its presence in Gunja seeds. GC-MS and LC-MS results show the presence of 19–22 compounds. Results of HPLC analysis showed that Abrine content in chloroform extract and ethanol extract reduced to 30.36% and 10.20%, respectively, after shodhana process. CONCLUSIONS: These results showed the significance and effectiveness of shodhana process in reducing the toxins present in A. precatorius.

AIM: This work was designed to undertake documentation and explore ethnomedicine for the treatment of livestock’s health care in Kalaburagi through an ethnobotanical survey. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The documentation of ethnomedicine was recorded through ethnobotanical survey by conducting field trips from April 2015 to March 2018 in different Thanda and villages of Kalaburagi district, Karnataka. During the survey traditional practitioners, elderly people, livestock owners, formers, and headman of different Thanda and villages were interviewed for the responses regarding ethnomedicine practices. RESULTS: A total 71 of flowering plants from 41 families and 68 genera were involved in the treatment of common livestock’ ailments such as maggot wounds, cuts and wounds, microbial infections, inflammation, bone fracture, gout, joints pain, arthritis, skin diseases, itching, kidney disorders, acidity, cough and cold, throat infection, indigestion, dysentery, bloat, lack of appetite, stomach problems, intestinal worms, foot and mouth disease, weakness and animal bites. The leaves were mostly used in treatment followed by fruits, seeds, root, stem, bark, rhizome, flower, bulb, latex, and whole plant, respectively. The oral administration of juice, decoction, raw, and powder was either given singly or mixed with water, milk, curd, oil, ghee, and honey, whereas pastes of some plant parts were locally applied. CONCLUSION: The ethnobotanical survey showed considerable diversity of ethnomedicine used for livestock health care. It was important to explore sustainable use of natural resources for human as well as animal health care, as they are abundantly available in nature in the form of medicinal plants. Obtained data were compared with available literature of different regions of Karnataka and it was observed that many of these uses were not recorded earlier. This study will be helpful to explore more therapeutic uses of plants for livestock’s and may provide a lead in the novel herbal remedies.